The work is intended to be an annotated guide to the reading of Legislative Decree No. 28 of March 4, 2010 (Official Gazette No. 53 of March 5, 2010), which introduces, in implementation of the delegation contained in Law No. 69/2009 (Reform of the Civil Process), the institution of mediation aimed at the conciliation of civil and commercial disputes. The text is structured for quick reference as it contains systematic commentary on the articles of Legislative Decree 28/2010, a table summarizing all the regulations that provide for conciliation, and a series of operational diagrams explaining the prerequisites for conciliation activities. It all stems from Directive 2008/52/EC (Mediation in Civil Matters), issued by the European Parliament and the Council on May 21, 2008, which required member states, to introduce laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to implement what Europe required. The ultimate goal of the novelty lies in the deflative capacity of the institution, both for the prevention of specific disputes and for the general prevention to which is implied a change in the culture of social conflict management, so as to provide an effective response to the need for justice of citizens, too often mortified by the slowness and cost of court proceedings.